: Tours and Excursion

GUM Department Store

The GUM Department Store is a historic shopping mall located in the heart of Moscow, facing Red Square. Originally built in the late 19th century, it is known for its stunning glass-roofed architecture and high-end boutiques. The building was designed by architect Alexander Pomerantsev and engineer Vladimir Shukhov, featuring a unique combination of traditional Russian style and modern engineering.

History & Origins

GUM, which stands for 'Glavny Universalny Magazin' (Main Universal Store), opened in 1893. It was one of the largest shopping centers in Europe at the time, symbolizing the economic growth of the Russian Empire. During the Soviet era, it was nationalized and renamed 'State Department Store,' but it retained its role as a premier retail destination.

After the fall of the Soviet Union, GUM was privatized and restored to its former glory, becoming a symbol of post-Soviet consumer culture. Today, it houses luxury brands, cafes, and souvenir shops, attracting both tourists and locals.

Architecture & Features

The building's most striking feature is its glass-and-steel roof, which spans over 240 meters and allows natural light to flood the interior. The facade is decorated with intricate neo-Russian details, blending seamlessly with the historic surroundings of Red Square.

Inside, the three-level arcade is lined with marble floors, ornate staircases, and decorative fountains. The central atrium is often used for seasonal exhibitions and events, making it a cultural as well as a commercial hub.

Legends & Facts

1. During Soviet times, GUM was one of the few places where scarce goods could be found, leading to long queues and a thriving black market.

2. The store's roof was designed to withstand heavy snow loads, a necessity in Moscow's harsh winters.

3. In the 1950s, GUM introduced the first Soviet escalators, which became a major attraction in themselves.

Tourist Tips

Visit early in the morning to avoid crowds, and don't miss the historic Gastronom No. 1, a Soviet-era grocery store turned gourmet food hall. The upper floors offer the best views of Red Square through the glass roof.

Nearby

• Red Square - The iconic heart of Moscow, home to the Kremlin and St. Basil's Cathedral.
• Lenin's Mausoleum - The resting place of Soviet leader Vladimir Lenin.
• State Historical Museum - A treasure trove of Russian history and artifacts.
• Bolshoi Theatre - One of the world's most famous ballet and opera houses.
• Kazan Cathedral - A beautiful Russian Orthodox church with a rich history.

Practical FAQ for Travelers

What are the opening hours?

GUM is open daily from 10:00 AM to 10:00 PM.

Is there an entrance fee?

No, entry to GUM is free, but individual stores may have their own pricing.

What is the best time to visit?

Weekday mornings are less crowded, and the winter holiday decorations are a major draw.

Are photography and videography allowed?

Yes, photography is permitted, but some stores may have restrictions.

Is GUM accessible for visitors with disabilities?

Yes, the mall has elevators and ramps for wheelchair access.